Maintain a Healthy, Safe, and Secure Working Environment — Class 10 Questions and Answers
Chapter 13: Health, Safety, and Security in the Workplace
1. Why are health, safety, and security important in the workplace?
Answer – In a workplace accident, illness, or dispute, there is a cost to the organization as well as to injured individuals and their families. It is our responsibility to create a safe workplace. This improves the work environment and productivity.
Thank you for reading this post, don't forget to subscribe!2. What is a health, safety, and security policy?
Answer – A health, safety, and security policy is a written statement by an employer stating the company’s commitment to protecting the health, safety, and security of employees and the public.
3. What are the policies of health, safety, and security in the workplace?
Answer –
- It indicates the company’s commitment to employee health and safety.
- It shows that business performance and safety performance are compatible with each other.
- It states that the company is not only making profits but also taking care of its employees.
- The accountability of everyone working for the company is outlined for workplace health, safety, and security.
- The company can comply with the national policy on Occupational Health and Safety (OH&S) of the Government of India.
- Injuries and illnesses of employees are prevented through such policies.
4. What do you mean by hazards?
Answer – A hazard is a danger or risk in any place.
5. What are workplace safety hazards?
Answer – Workplace hazards pose potential harm to people at work and can cause damage to the work environment. Hazards may result in poor health as well as losses for organizations in terms of property and equipment.
6. What do you mean by physical hazards?
Answer – Physical hazards are risks arising from the physical work environment, including floors, walls, ceilings, and working with electrically powered equipment or machinery.
7. What are the different physical hazards present in the workplace?
Answer – The different physical hazards present in the workplace are:
- Falling from heights, slipping, and tripping
- Electrical hazards
- Fire hazards
- Health hazards
8. What are the potential sources of hazards in an organization?
Answer – Bright light sources behind the display screen can create contrast problems, making it difficult to clearly see your work. The following solutions can help avoid this:
- Use blinds or drapes on windows to eliminate bright light.
- Use indirect or shielded lighting where possible and avoid intense or uneven lighting.
- Reorient the workstation so bright lights from open windows are at right angles to the computer screen.
- Avoid high contrast between light and dark areas of the computer screen, the horizontal work surface, and surrounding areas, as this can cause eye fatigue and headaches.
9. What are the safety guidelines/checklist in any organization?
Answer –
- Store all cleaning chemicals in tightly closed containers in separate cupboards.
- Throw garbage away daily.
- Make sure all areas have proper lighting.
- Do not wear loose clothing or jewelry when working with machines.
- Never distract people who are working near a fire or with machinery, tools, or equipment.
- Where required, wear protective items such as goggles, safety glasses, masks, gloves, and hair nets.
- Shut down all machines before leaving the workplace.
- Do not play with electrical controls or switches.
Chapter 14: Workplace Quality Measures
10. What are the different ways to analyse water pollution?
Answer – Air and water pollution can be analysed using three different methods:
- Physical analysis
- Chemical analysis
- Biological analysis
11. What are the guidelines for clean air and clean water in any organization?
Answer –
- Avoid the production of dust and solid particles and gases in the air.
- Organizations should use a limited number of vehicles to avoid air pollution.
- The generation of ozone gas should be kept at a low level.
- Organizations should ensure that their wastewater is not mixed with surrounding water.
- Extensive use of fertilizers and pesticides should be avoided as they can pollute groundwater.
12. What is ergonomics science?
Answer – Ergonomics is the science concerned with designing and arranging things so that people can use them easily and safely. Applying ergonomics can reduce the potential for accidents and injuries and improve performance and productivity.
13. In the office, what types of ergonomics do we have to use?
Answer –
- Use the backrest of the chair and put a small pillow or lumbar support on it.
- Place the document holder so that you can see without leaning forward.
- Move or raise the monitor to the centre of the desk.
- Move closer to the keyboard and bring the mouse down to the level of the keyboard.
- Add a wrist rest to the front of the keyboard and a mouse-pad rest.
- Rest your eyes periodically and do simple eye exercises.
- Reorient your desk and computer so that light is not directly behind or in front of you.
14. What is a musculoskeletal disorder?
Answer – A musculoskeletal disorder can affect different areas of the body, such as the neck, back, chest, arms, shoulders, and feet. It may occur because of incorrect posture or an uncomfortable chair that is not ergonomically suitable while working on a computer.
15. What do you mean by occupational overuse syndrome?
Answer – Occupational overuse syndrome, also known as repetition strain injury (RSI), is a collective term for conditions characterized by discomfort or persistent pain in muscles, tendons, and other soft tissues, with or without physical manifestations.
16. How can the risks of visual problems be reduced?
Answer –
- Adjust the brightness of the computer screen to reduce eye strain.
- Reposition the screen to avoid glare from lights or windows.
- Maintain a proper viewing distance from the computer screen and blink regularly.
- Wear anti-glare glasses while working on the computer.
- Keep the screen clean and use a desk lamp to make it easier to see.
- Ensure the screen colours are comfortable to look at and that the characters are sharp and legible.
Chapter 15: Prevent Accidents and Emergencies
17. What is an accident?
Answer – An accident is an unplanned, uncontrolled, or unforeseen event resulting in injury or harm to people or damage to goods. For example, a person falling down and getting injured or a glassware item breaking after being knocked over.
18. What is an emergency?
Answer – An emergency is a serious or crisis situation that needs immediate attention and action. For example, a customer having a heart attack or a sudden outbreak of fire in an organization requires immediate attention.
19. What are the different types of accidents in any organization?
Answer – Some commonly occurring accidents in organizations are:
- Trip and fall
- Slip and fall
- Injuries caused by escalators or elevators (lifts)
- Accidents due to falling goods
- Accidents due to moving objects
20. How to handle accidents?
Answer – In case of an injury to a colleague due to an accident:
- Attend to the injured person immediately.
- Inform your supervisor.
- Assist your supervisor.
21. What are the general evacuation procedures?
Answer – Each organization has its own evacuation procedures. You should be aware of these procedures and follow them.
- Leave the premises immediately and move towards the nearest emergency exit.
- Guide customers to the emergency exits.
- If possible, assist a person with a disability towards the emergency exit.
- Do not use escalators or elevators (lifts) to avoid overcrowding.
- Go to the emergency assembly area.
22. What is a fire extinguisher? What are the different types?
Answer – A fire extinguisher is a protection device used to extinguish fires. It is a cylindrical pressure vessel containing an agent that can be discharged to extinguish a fire.
There are four different classes of fire:
- Class A: Materials such as wood, cloth, and paper that continue to burn once exposed to a heat source.
- Class B: Liquids, grease, and gases that burn when exposed to ignition sources.
- Class C: Electrical materials and equipment that can cause fires quickly and present a serious risk.
- Class D: Volatile materials that can quickly ignite, such as magnesium, potassium, and sodium.
23. What is CPR?
Answer – CPR stands for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. It can save a life during cardiac arrest, when the heart stops beating.
If an emergency occurs:
- If the victim is breathing and has a heartbeat, give first aid for injuries and treat for shock.
- Ensure that the victim receives medical care as soon as possible.
- The physician attending the victim should be given detailed information to properly diagnose and care for the victim.